The Associated Students of Whitman College (ASWC) is a student government organization led by elected student representatives. Every current student at Whitman College is a member of ASWC. Originally formed in 1902, ASWC acts as a liaison between students, faculty, and the administration in order to ensure student values and voices are represented in the college's decision making. ASWC manages a budget collected from student fees and has purview over official student clubs, organizations, and publications.

Historically ASWC had two types of membership: active and honorary. The executive members of ASWC consisted of a president, first vice president, second vice president, secretary, and graduate manager (a position held by a faculty member). All elected officers were required to be either a standing junior or sophomore. The first vice president was required to be a woman and the second a man. In the 1920s, ASWC was also the managing body for the college debate team. In March, 1949, a branch within ASWC was formed called the Associated Women of Whitman College (AWWC) that operated through the late 1960s.

As of 2021, ASWC is comprised of eight component committees, the General Assembly, and Legislative Assembly. All currently enrolled students are members of the General Assembly of ASWC via payment of the student body fee set yearly by the Legislative Assembly of ASWC. The Legislative Assembly is comprised of an Executive Council and Senate of elected members. The Senate offices are structured by class year, and senators serve for one academic year. Elected executive positions include the president and the director of student organizations. The Executive Council leads the Legislative Assembly, and its members represent both the General Assembly and the Senate as chairs on the component committees. The eight committees within ASWC are: Oversight, Student Outreach, Communications, Nominations, Finance, Sustainability, and the Diversity and Inclusion Committee.